PMU-Autor/inn/en
Leis StefanAbstract
Dermal microdialysis might be a promising tool to investigate properties of sympathetic neurons in the skin as investigation of peripheral noradrenergic neurons in humans usually relies on highly variable vasoconstrictor reflexes or on indirect measurements like skin temperature recordings. To evaluate this technique, 21 experiments were performed in 15 healthy subjects with four intracutaneous microdialysis fibers (diameter, 200 microm; cutoff, 5 kDa) at hands or feet. After 60 min, saline perfusion tyramine at concentrations of 0.195 to 200 microg/ml was applied for 15 min followed by a 15-min saline perfusion again. Catecholamine concentrations were detected through high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Control experiments were performed in human skin homogenates with and without tyramine incubation. In vivo, norepinephrine (NE) concentration increased from 36.3 +/- 10.2 pg/ml to 84.4 +/- 18.4 pg/ml (P < 0.001) during stimulation with tyramine, dialysate dopamine (DA) concentration increased from 105.2 +/- 36.5 pg/ml to 7162.4 +/- 3972.4 pg/ml (P < 0.001). Both tyramine-induced NE and DA release were dose-dependent (NE: r = 0.438, P < 0.05; DA: r = 0.894, P < 0.001). In skin homogenates, tyramine incubation led to a significant increase of DA concentrations (387.0 +/- 34.8 pg/ml, controls: 13.2 +/- 2.4 pg/ml; P < 0.05), while NE and epinephrine levels remained unchanged. In conclusion, our experiments show that dermal microdialysis is capable of locally measuring catecholamines in human skin. This offers the opportunity to investigate the function of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. Additional to non-enzymatic oxidation, DA increase probably reflects metabolic degradation of tyramine by non-neuronal pathways and therefore does not reflect local sympathetic innervation.
Useful keywords (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
Adult
Axons/drug effects
Axons/metabolism
Axons/secretion*
Catecholamines/analysis*
Catecholamines/metabolism
Catecholamines/secretion
Dopamine/analysis
Dopamine/metabolism
Dopamine/secretion
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Humans
Male
Microdialysis/methods*
Norepinephrine/analysis
Norepinephrine/metabolism
Norepinephrine/secretion
Presynaptic Terminals/drug effects
Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism
Secretory Vesicles/drug effects
Secretory Vesicles/metabolism
Skin/innervation*
Skin/metabolism*
Sweating/drug effects
Sweating/physiology
Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/drug effects
Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/metabolism
Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/secretion*
Tyramine/metabolism
Tyramine/pharmacology
Up-Regulation/drug effects
Up-Regulation/physiology
Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Vasoconstriction/physiology
Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
dermal microdialysis